Das englische Passiv wird mit to be + past participle gebildet.
Das past participle ist bei regelmäßigen Verben die Form mit -ed,
z.B. bake → baked.
Passiv transitive Verben
Das Passiv kann nur aus transitiven Verben wie bake gebildet werden.
Im Passive wird aus dem Objekt (bread) des Aktivsatzes (The boy bakes a bread.) das Subjekt des Passivsatzes. Das Subjekt (boy) des Aktivsatzes wird der "by-agent", der aber weggelassen werden kann.
Present:
active: The boy bakes a bread. →
passive: A bread is baked (by the boy).
Present Perfect:
active: The boy has baked a bread.
passive: A bread has been baked (by the boy).
Present Progressive:
active: The boy is baking a bread.
passive: A bread is being baked (by the boy.)
Present Perfect Progressive:
active: The boy has been baking a bread.
passive: A bread has been being baked (by the boy).
Simple Past:
active: The boy baked a bread.
passive: A bread was baked (by the boy).
Past Perfect:
active: The boy had baked a bread.
passive: A bread had been baked (by the boy).
Past Progressive:
active: The boy was baking a bread.
passive: A bread was being baked (by the boy).
Past Perfect Progressive:
active: The boy had been baking a bread.
passive: A bread had been being baked (by the boy).
Future:
active: The boy will bake a bread.
passive: A bread will be baked (by the boy).
Future Perfect:
active: The boy will have baked a bread.
passive: A bread will have been baked (by the boy).
Future Progressive:
active: The boy will be baking a bread.
passive: A bread will be being baked (by the boy).
Future Perfect Progressive:
active: The boy will have been baking a bread.
passive: A bread will have been being baked (by the boy).
Intransitive Verben
Bei intransitiven Verben ist kein Passiv möglich:
active: It rains.
passive: -
→ Intransitive Verben haben kein Objekt, daher ist die Bildung vom Passiv nicht möglich.